The invention discloses an automatic plate feeding and discharging system for double-faced AOI (Automated Optical Inspection) of a circuit board. The automatic plate feeding and discharging system comprises a robot device, a feeding and discharging device, a double-faced dust sticking machine, a transferring device, an AOI machine, a butt joint device and a general control system for controlling the equipment to work, wherein the robot device is provided with robot mechanical arms; the double-faced dust sticking machine is located beside the feeding and discharging device; the transferring device is arranged above the feeding and discharging device and the double-faced dust sticking machine; the AOI machine comprises a face A detection and a face B detection machine; detection openings of the face A detection and the face B detection machine are opposite to the feeding and discharging device and the double-faced dust sticking machine; the robot device is located between the face A detection and the face B detection machine; and the butt joint device is located on one side of the face B detection machine and can be in up-down butt joint with the robot mechanical arms. The butt joint device can be in up-down butt joint with the robot mechanical arms so that time consumed by a plate overturning procedure is saved, and furthermore, a whole production process has relatively rapid efficiency; and the structure is compact so that the occupied area of equipment is reduced.