The invention relates to a fastening part structure, in particular an independent controllable elastic sleeve lock nut; and the independent controllable elastic sleeve lock nut is matched with a screw rod to form a lock bolt. The lock nut comprises a nut part with an elastic sleeve, and an independent control part; a thread is arranged in the nut part with the elastic sleeve; one end is a conventional nut in contact with a connected part, and the other end is a conical pipe; and the conical pipe is longitudinally provided with at least a through gap. The independent control part includes a structure capable of controlling an opposite or reverse motion with the nut part; the structure can be a structure provided with a thread locally and internally or a taper thread locally and internally; the independent control part further includes a structure capable of extruding the elastic sleeve; and the structure can be a smooth hollow taper pipe or a taper pipe structure provided with a taper thread inside. The lock nut can be locked or unlocked through controlling the opposite or reverse motion between the nut part and the independent control part; the lock function and the bolt connecting, fastening and positioning function are relatively independent; and the anti-loosing locking and the unlocking operation are totally controllable.