The invention relates to a method for detecting the fluid-solid coupling property of a filled cracked rock. The method comprises the steps of: designing an orthogonal testing scheme of the fluid-solid coupling property of the filled cracked rock, collecting raw rocks, and manufacturing test pieces in different cracked structures according to the testing scheme; filling the test pieces with crack fillers in different gradations according to the orthogonal testing scheme, and measuring the permeability coefficients of the test pieces under different confining pressures and axial pressures; measuring the compressive strength of the test pieces in a penetration test system, and measuring the crack extension length of the test pieces during pressing; processing orthogonal testing data to obtain remarkable factors which remarkably influence the compressive strength, the permeability coefficient and the crack extension length respectively; performing multi-factor multi-level comprehensive testing aiming at the remarkable factors of all evaluation indexes, and performing statistic analysis to the testing data of the comprehensive testing, thereby obtaining the fluid-solid coupling property of the filled cracked rock.