The invention belongs to the technical field of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar signal processing, and particularly relates to an arrangement method of a multi-ground calibration station used for geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEOSAR) phase calibration. The method comprises the steps that station arrangement circles/ station arrangement arcs of the multi-ground calibration station used for GEOSAR phase calibration are selected; a rough station address of the multi-ground calibration station is selected; and the rough station address of the multi-ground calibration station is optimized. With application of the method, the address selection problem of the multi-ground calibration station of a geosynchronous orbit SAR phase calibration system can be solved in a targeted way, and the requirement of phase calibration of a GEOSAR specific observation target can be met through resource optimization configuration of limited land span of our country.