The invention discloses a shale gas volume fracturing micro-earthquake monitoring method, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas production increasing. The method comprises the steps that a monitoring well is selected according to the maximized monitoring range, instrument deployment location cementing quality, background noise and actual construction requirements of a shale gas platform well; the liquid level of the monitoring well is reduced to a preset value below the ground; a high-sampling-rate detector is arranged at the vertical section of the monitoring well; an initial velocity model is established by utilizing a logging curve; the initial velocity model is calibrated and optimized according to a perforating event or a detonating cord and azimuth correction is performed on the high-sampling-rate detector; horizontal component rotation and filtering and other preprocessing are performed on original micro-earthquake signals; and micro-earthquake event information is computed and displayed by utilizing the calibrated and optimized initial velocity model according to micro-earthquake records received by the high-sampling-rate detector. Precision of shale gas platform well micro-earthquake monitoring can be greatly enhanced, and reasonable proposals can be timely put forward to onsite fracturing engineers.