The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries used for energy storage and energy conversion of wind energy, solar energy, tidal energy and other renewable clean energies, and particularly relates to a low temperature inorganic fused salt aluminium ion supercapacitor battery and a preparation method therefor. The aluminium ion fused salt battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode active material adopts a compound of a carbon material and a transitional metal sulfide; the negative electrode adopts metal aluminium or aluminium alloy; and the electrolyte adopts aluminium chloride and alkali metal, or a mixed fused salt system of alkaline earth metal chloride and a certain amount of bromine aluminate and chlorine aluminate additive. The secondary aluminium ion fused salt battery provided by the invention has the characteristics of rapid charge and discharge, high capacity, high efficiency, high cycling stability and excellent charge-discharge features, wide sources of the electrode material, easy manufacturing, low cost, and green and environment-friendly property.