The invention provides a hollow shaft motor reverse transmission braking device for a hard rock heading machine. The braking device comprises a transmission gear set, a planetary reducer, a hollow shaft motor, a concentric shaft, a hydraulic safety coupler and a braking mechanism. The braking mechanism is arranged on the hydraulic safety coupler. The hydraulic safety coupler is connected with the motor hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor. The concentric shaft is arranged in the motor hollow shaft, one end of the concentric shaft is connected with the hydraulic safety coupler, and the other end of the concentric shaft penetrates through the motor hollow shaft and is connected with the input end of the planetary reducer. The output end of the planetary reducer is connected with the transmission gear set. Reverse transmission and reverse braking are achieved.