The invention discloses an artificial downwelling device. The artificial downwelling device comprises a pipe body part and an artificial fish shelter part, wherein the pipe body part is mounted on the artificial fish shelter part; a plurality of fixing piles are fixedly connected to the bottom of the artificial fish shelter part; the pipe body part comprises a pipe body, a pipe opening baffle and an tail fin, wherein the pipe opening baffle is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper end of the pipe body; the tail fin is a strip-shaped steel plate and is fixed to the outer wall of the pipe body; the plane in which the tail fin is positioned is perpendicular to the plane in which the pipe opening baffle is positioned; the width of the pipe opening baffle is greater than the outside diameter of the pipe body; the artificial fish shelter part is a cuboid of which the centre is provided with a Venturi-type through groove; the pipe body is communicated with the Venturi-type through groove; the opening direction of the Venturi-type through groove is perpendicular to the pipe opening baffle. The artificial downwelling device is low in cost, and does not need long-term care and maintenance; energy supply is not required, so that the artificial downwelling device is energy-saving and environment-friendly; the artificial downwelling device is used for fish survival and reproduction; the ecological environment of an anoxic zone can be improved effectively.