The invention discloses a tubular electrode type dust and acid mist removing method and device. In order to solve the problems that an existing tubular electrode type dust and acid mist removing device is high in energy consumption and not ideal in dust and acid mist removing effect, smoke containing dust and acid mist is firstly introduced into a tubular shell (2), and then the smoke is made to spirally ascend or descend in the tubular shell (2); at the same time, a cathode wire (4) in the center of the interior of the tubular shell (2) is connected with a negative voltage power supply, so that an electric field is formed in the tubular shell (2); and then through the action of electric field force and radial force generated by spiral airflow, the dust and the acid mist in the smoke are propelled to the tubular shell (2) with an anode function and are attached to the inner surface of the tubular shell (2), and therefore dust and acid mist removal is completed.