The invention relates to an aluminum alloy sleeper beam structure for a railway vehicle, which is connected with an underframe side beam. The aluminum alloy sleeper beam structure for the railway vehicle comprises side profiles (1), a middle profile (2) and a central profile (3), wherein the side profiles (1) are on the two sides of the aluminum alloy sleeper beam structure, the middle profile (2) is positioned at the belly part of the aluminum alloy sleeper beam structure, and the central profile (3) is positioned at the center of the aluminum alloy sleeper beam structure; integrated reinforcing ribs are respectively arranged in the side profiles, the middle profile and the central profile; the connected parts between the side profiles and the underframe side beam are provided with integrated reinforcing plates; sleeper beam insert joint openings (5) are formed in the side profiles; towing pin openings (6) are formed in the two ends of the central profile; and side edges of the side profiles, the middle profile and the central profile are integrally connected with each other. The invention is advantaged in that the structural strength of the aluminum alloy sleeper beam structure is good, the aluminum alloy sleeper beam structure can satisfy load condition desired by urban rail vehicles, the structure of the aluminum alloy sleeper beam structure is simple, the technique of the aluminum alloy sleeper beam structure is good, and stress concentrations at welding joints are avoided by machining the reinforcing plates integrated with the sleeper beam on the side profiles so that the fatigue strength of the sleeper beam is enhanced. In addition, the profiles of sleeper beam are arranged to be convenient for line and pipeline layout; and as long waist holes and welding through pipes do not need to be formed in the side surface of the sleeper beam, mechanical machining amount and welding amount are reduced.