The invention discloses a method for interplanting traditional Chinese medicinal materials in karst area abandoned farmland in a stereoscopic compound mode. Different precious life-form medicinal materials including pterospermum heterophyllum Hance, polygala aureocauda Dunn and salvia prionitis Hance which can bring economic benefits to farmers and also can well adapt to local environment conditions are adopted; an efficient ecological traditional Chinese medicinal material stereoscopic compound planting mode is established in karst mountain area abandoned farmland, namely, the perennial shrub medicinal material polygala aureocauda Dunn is interplanted in a stereoscopic mode at the initial planting stage of pterospermum heterophyllum Hance, and the biennial medicinal material salvia prionitis Hance is interplanted under polygala aureocauda Dunn. 891.9 kg of salvia prionitis Hance can be harvested per mu before yield formation of polygala aureocauda Dunn, growth of pterospermum heterophyllum Hance and polygala aureocauda Dunn is hardly influenced by interplanting, the planting income is increased, land is saved, and a unique landscape is formed. The method has the prominent advantages that the land utilization rate and the planting income are increased by fully utilizing growth seasons according to the growth characteristics of plants based on the ecological niche principle, ecological benefits are good, the cultivation method is simple, and large-scale popularization is easy.