The invention discloses a self-detecting wear resistant ball polishing system. The self-detecting wear resistant ball polishing system comprises a frame, a loading container, an unloading container, a polishing device, a main channel, a first sensor, a second sensor, a first driving device, a second driving device and a control device, wherein the frame is used for supporting corresponding parts; the loading container is used for accommodating wear resistant balls to be polished and conveying the wear resistant balls to the polishing device; the unloading container is used for storing the polished wear resistant balls and conveying the polished wear resistant balls into the main channel; the polishing device is used for polishing the wear resistant balls; the first sensor is used for detecting if a polishing cylinder in the polishing device enters a first state; the second sensor is used for detecting the surfaces of the wear resistant balls penetrating through the main channel; and the first driving device and the second driving device are used for driving the corresponding parts to act. The self-detecting wear resistant ball polishing system guarantees the machined wear resistant balls to be all accordant with the requirements.