The invention provides an ecological revetment structure with a pollution remediation function. The ecological revetment structure sequentially comprises a bank slope soil layer, a soil and biochar fine particle layer mixed layer, a biochar coarse particle layer and a rubble layer from top to bottom. Biochar particles are prepared by conducting high-temperature pyrolysis on stalks or straw under an oxygen deficient condition, and smashed and ground into biochar fine particles with the diameter being 0.5-0.8 cm after being subjected to acid cleaning activation; and biochar particles are prepared by conducting high-temperature pyrolysis on corncobs under an oxygen deficient condition, and smashed and ground into biochar coarse particles with the diameter being 1.5-2.0 cm after being subjected to acid cleaning activation. The ecological revetment structure can improve the water and nutrition storage capacity and remediation capacity of revetment soil and prevent water eutrophication; during waterflooding in a flooding period, the biochar can adsorb nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and after water recession, the adsorbed nutrient substances are slowly released and provided for plant growth; and meanwhile, the ecological revetment structure integrates the functions of keeping the water content of padding and preventing plants from dying due to a drought.