The invention discloses a device for producing mercury and bivalent mercury standard gas based on the penetration principle. The device comprises an element mercury standard gas generating system and a bivalent mercury standard gas generating system. The element mercury standard gas generating system comprises a first gas carrier device and an element mercury generator for generating mercury gas, wherein the first gas carrier device and the element mercury generator are sequentially connected through a pipeline. The bivalent mercury standard gas generating system comprises a plasma gas source device, a gas premixing chamber and a bivalent mercury generator which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, wherein the bivalent mercury generator produces bivalent mercury gas. The gas premixing chamber is further connected with an outlet of the element mercury generator and used for mixing a plasma gas source and mercury gas produced by the element mercury generator, the bivalent mercury generator is provided with a high-frequency high-voltage alternating current power source generation device and used for generating plasmas to oxidize mercury gas into bivalent mercury gas, element mercury standard gas and bivalent mercury standard gas are obtained at the same time, one mercury source is adopted, the problem that traceability delivery needs to be carried out two times when different mercury sources are adopted is avoided, and operation steps are simplified.