The invention discloses an orthogonal reference phase verification method and device, and the specific verification method comprises the steps: 1, enabling a standard phase source to output orthogonal vector voltages U1 and U2 (nominal: 90 degrees or 270 degrees); 2, employing a phase sampling measurement system to measure the above orthogonal vector voltages U1 and U2: enabling a voltage channel 1 of the phase sampling measurement system to measure the vector voltage U1 and enabling a voltage channel 2 of the phase sampling measurement system to measure the voltage U2, wherein the phase difference between the vector voltages U1 and U2 measured by the phase sampling measurement system is shown in the description; 3, interchanging the voltage channels of the phase sampling measurement system, changing the measurement direction of the vector voltage U1, wherein the phase difference between U2 and U1 measured by the phase sampling measurement system is shown in the description; 4, calculating a quadrature phase error, setting a quadrature phase measurement error of the phase sampling measurement system as delta, setting the nominal orthogonal output phase error (shown in the description) of the standard phase source, and building two linear equations in two unknowns according to the above two phase errors (shown in the description), thereby calculating the quadrature phase error value delta and the nominal orthogonal output phase error (shown in the description).