The invention belongs to the field of application of water-soluble organic acids and discloses a microcapsule material for coating the water-soluble organic acids as well as a preparation method and an application of the microcapsule material. The microcapsule material is prepared through a reaction from components in parts by mass as follows: 80-120 parts of an oil-soluble solvent, 5-50 parts of a hydrophobic acrylic resin monomer, 1-15 parts of the water-soluble organic acids, 0.03-0.4 parts of an in-situ polymerization initiator and 0.1-1 part of a surfactant. A wall material is prepared from the hydrophobic acrylic resin monomer through in-situ polymerization and used for coating a core material comprising the water-soluble organic acids and the initiator, and the microcapsule material with excellent performance including uniform particle size, controllable morphology and wall thickness, high coating rate, high release effect and low water adsorption is prepared. Further, the microencapsulated water-soluble organic acids can be applied to the fields of a cleaning agent for high-temperature metal devices, a compound corrosion inhibitor, an active component of a flux of a soldering material and the like.