The invention discloses a method for simulating influence of micro vibration on image quality, comprising the following steps: collecting and acquiring an in-orbit image through a TDICCD; acquiring to-be-simulated camera LOS shaking data, allocating the LOS shaking data at the moment corresponding to each row of pixels of the in-orbit image; for the in-orbit image, respectively taking a direction perpendicular to a push-broom direction and a direction along the push-broom direction as the current analysis direction, for the pixel corresponding to each moment, executing the following process: calculating a ratio of LOS shaking amplitude to pixel size; rounding down the ratio to obtain high amplitude energy of LOS shaking; translating the pixel corresponding to the current moment for a value corresponding to the high amplitude energy of the LOS shaking in the current analysis direction; subtracting the high amplitude energy of the LOS shaking from the ratio to obtain a low amplitude energy lambda of the LOS shaking; and updating an energy value of the pixel corresponding to the current moment with sum of (1-lambda) times of the energy of the pixel corresponding to the current moment before translation and lambda times of the energy of the pixel corresponding to the current moment after translation.