The invention provides an efficient, environmentally friendly and energy-saving petroleum pump. An upper magnet and a lower magnet of the efficient, environmentally friendly and energy-saving petroleum pump are respectively arranged outside a petroleum pump shell, a protecting shell is fixed on the petroleum pump shell, an annular floating body is fixed under the protecting shell, and a filter is fixed at a petroleum inlet hole of the lower end of the petroleum pump shell; a petroleum outlet valve is fixed in a central hole of the petroleum pump shell, a magnetic induction piston is arranged in the petroleum pump shell, a petroleum flowing sealing plate seals a petroleum inlet channel of a petroleum inlet cavity, and a sealing cap seals a petroleum inlet channel of an extrusion cavity; and a fixing plug is fixed in a plug hole in the magnetic induction piston, and a sealing cap is mounted on an annular sealing surface of the magnetic induction piston. The efficient, environmentally friendly and energy-saving petroleum pump is compact in structure, small in vibration, high in electric energy utilization rate and powerful, petroleum pumping efficiency is high, and the efficient, environmentally friendly and energy-saving petroleum pump is suitable for pumping petroleum from a petroleum well and pumping petroleum from a petroleum settling pond; when petroleum is pumped, silt and water do not enter the petroleum pump; and after a power supply is switched off, petroleum can be delivered in a self-flowing manner, so that electric energy is saved.