The present invention discloses a high-voltage electrode device used for space charge measurement. The high-voltage electrode device comprises a grounding metal shielding case, a high-voltage metal electrode, a high-voltage DC insulating sleeve, a high-voltage DC conductive rod, a high-voltage pulse insulating sleeve, a high-voltage pulse conductive rod and an internal circuit, wherein a clapboard is arranged inside the grounding metal shielding case and limits an air insulating layer and a resin insulating layer filled with an insulating resin in the grounding metal shielding case, and the high-voltage DC conductive rod is arranged inside the high-voltage DC insulating sleeve and penetrates the top wall of the grounding metal shielding case and the clapboard to stretch into the resin insulating layer to be connected with the high-voltage metal electrode. The high-voltage pulse conductive rod is arranged inside the high-voltage pulse insulating sleeve and penetrates the grounding metal shielding case to stretch into the air insulating layer, and the internal circuit is connected with the high-voltage pulse conductive rod and the high-voltage metal electrode separately. According to the high-voltage electrode device used for space charge measurement of the present invention, the rapid replacement of the insulating resin can be realized, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.