The invention provides a synthetic aperture microwave radiometer combined correction method comprising the steps that (1) the shortest baseline is selected to act as a redundant baseline, and all the related calibration equations are constructed; (2) a few receiver units are selected to act as internal coherent noise injection units, the amplitude and phase error are acquired through a noise injection correction method, and the calibration equations related to the noise injection units are constructed; (3) all the calibration equations of (1) and (2) form simultaneous equations so that a combined calibration equation group based on redundant space and internal coherent noise injection is formed; (4) the constructed combined calibration equation group is solved so that the amplitude and phase error of all the receivers and the out-of-plane displacement angle of an antenna arm are acquired; and (5) the measured visibility function is corrected according to the amplitude and phase error and the out-of-plane displacement angle of the antenna arm which are acquired in the step (4), and the corrected brightness temperature image is acquired by adopting a brightness temperature inversion method.