The present invention discloses a nonlinear identification method for a rock fracture signal and a blasting vibration signal. The method comprises: step 1: importing a time sequence x(n) of a rock microseismic signal, wherein n=1, 2,..., N; step 2: performing decomposition to obtain intrinsic modality components of a normalized rock microseismic signal by EMD decomposition, and screening the intrinsic modality components to obtain main intrinsic modality components c1, c2,..., cr, wherein r is the number of the intrinsic modality components after screening; step 3: performing decomposition on a matrix [c1 c2... cr]T by SVD, so as to obtain a singular value signma i of the matrix, wherein i=1, 2,..., r; step 4:calculating a probability p(Z) of a blasting vibration signal by using a Logistic model; and step 5: identifying the rock microseismic signal, wherein p(Z)>= 0.5*(blasting vibration signal), and p(Z)<=0.58(rock fracture signal). The method has the characteristics of strong suitability and high accuracy and the like.