The invention provides a method for enabling a duck to rapidly produce anti-avian influenza antibodies and maintaining antibody titer. The method provided by the invention comprises the following step: 1) carrying out initial immunization on a 5-15-day-old duck, carrying out intraperitoneal avian influenza inactivated antigen inoculation on the duck, and carrying out intramuscular or subcutaneous immunization by virtue of an avian influenza inactivated oil emulsion vaccine. The method provided by the invention adopts a dual action mode of intraperitoneal inactivated antigen inoculation on the duck and intramuscular or subcutaneous injection of the inactivated oil emulsion vaccine, so that the duck rapidly produces immune response, and the anti-avian influenza antibodies are rapidly produced; and an immune gap period of a duck immune avian influenza inactivated vaccine can be effectively reduced by more than 7 days.