The invention discloses a novel small-particle shutter dry distillation furnace. The inner cavity of a furnace body is divided into a preheating section, a dry distilling section, a material sealing section and a combusting section; a dry distillation gas collecting aging umbrella and a dry distillation gas leading-out pipe are arranged in the preheating section; the upper part of the dry distilling section is of a volume expanding structure; an annular gas chamber which is communicated with a high-temperature circulating methane gas inlet and the inner cavity of the dry distilling section is formed in the lower part of the dry distilling section; the inner cavity of the material sealing section is of a square conical structure; an upper main air distributing chamber which is communicated with an upper saturated combusting main air inlet and the inner cavity of the combusting section is formed in the upper part of the combusting section; a lower combusting main air distributor which is communicated with a lower saturated combusting main air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the combusting section. According to the novel small-particle shutter dry distillation furnace, the gas in the dry distilling section and the gas in the combusting section can be effectively prevented from communicating with each other; the flow resistance of the dry distillation gas-high temperature circulating methane gas in the dry distilling section is reduced; the difficult problem that dry distillation resistance of small-particle shale is high is solved; the technical problems that the dry distillation gas is relatively low in heat value and is not easy to combust sufficiently as a large amount of combusting gas enters the dry distilling section are avoided.