The invention discloses a multifunctional electrode conversion box for multiple exploration methods, and the conversion box consists of a locking drive module, a synchronous sensor module, a multipath current input control module, and a closed metal housing. The synchronous sensor module achieves the synchronization of relay absorption and data collection, and reduces the time difference generated by instruction sending and relay absorption, thereby guaranteeing the instantaneity and reliability of data. The multipath current input control module achieves different arrangement modes of electrodes through the control of the on/off of relays on different circuits, and meets the exploration demands of different exploration methods. The closed metal housing aims at preventing vapor and dust in complex underground projects (tunnel, coal and water conservancy) from affecting an instrument, and protects the instrument.