The invention discloses a distributed task processing method. The distributed task processing method comprises following steps: when a to-be-processed task from an acceptance terminal is received, a target node is selected from a node cluster comprising multiple nodes according to scheduled rules, and the to-be-processed task is distributed to the target node for processing; a running state of each node in the node cluster is monitored, and a shutdown node with a shutdown incident occurring is captured immediately; the to-be-processed task corresponding to the shutdown node is migrated to a normal node without the shutdown incident for processing. The invention further discloses a distributed task processing device. With the adoption of the distributed task processing method and the distributed task processing device, disaster tolerance capacity and business processing performance of an application system can be improved.