The invention discloses a distributed data processing method and a data center. The distributed data processing method comprises the steps of when the data center receives original data, performing slicing processing on the original data for obtaining a plurality of slices of data; generating a random number by the data center based on a preset random number generator, and utilizing the random number as a current random number; transmitting the current random number to each data node in a distributed data system by the data center; encrypting each slice of data by the data center according to the current random number, a prestored key and a preset encryption algorithm, thereby obtaining cryptograph slice data; and distributing the cryptograph slice data to corresponding data nodes for storage by the data center according to the current random number. The distributed data processing method and the data center performs functions of preventing random interception and cracking of the cryptograph slice data by a no-authority party, and ensuring high information safety of the slice data of the distributed data system.