The invention discloses a portable earth's surface sand-dust release observation instrument which comprises a box body, an air inlet device, a conveying structure and a detection device.The air inlet device and the detection device are installed on the box body, the conveying structure comprises conveying belts, the conveying belts are parallel to a box body base plate, and a sand-dust port is formed in the box body base plate.The portable earth's surface sand-dust release observation instrument is small in size, convenient to install, easy to operate and lower in cost, can be applied to the complex terrain where wind tunnels are difficult to install, can simultaneously perform measurement of small earth's surface grains (dust) release and starting law research of large grains (sand grains) and is suitable for analysis and research of sand-dust capability on different earth's surfaces and corresponding physical mechanisms.