The invention relates to an outsourcing encrypted data-orientated verifiable intersection operation method and system and belongs to the verifiable outsourcing computation field. The method is carried out among a third-party trusted entity, at least two client entities and an outsourcing server side; the client entities are holders of data sets and requesters of data set intersection operation; the third-party entity is mainly responsible for the initialization and distribution of common parameters; the two client entities are mainly responsible for generating keys, encrypting data sets, calculating authentication information, verifying results and proofs returned by the outsourcing server side and decrypting an ciphertext data set returned by the outsourcing server side; the outsourcing server side is mainly responsible for performing data set intersection operation; and a plaintext data set is not required to be obtained through decryption when the outsourcing server side performs intersection operation, and the outsourcing server performs operation on a ciphertext, and therefore, the privacy of user data can be ensured. The method and system have the advantages of low frequency of interaction among the entities, low communication cost and efficient correctness verification of operation results.