The invention discloses a control method for the pipe-to-soil potential of a buried metal pipeline and relates to the technical field of protection of the buried metal pipeline. By means of the control method, the pipe-to-soil potential of the buried metal pipeline can be balanced conveniently and rapidly. The control method for the pipe-to-soil potential of the buried metal pipeline includes the steps of building a model; determining and judging whether the pipe-to-soil potential of the buried metal pipeline without protection measures meets the first preset condition or not; if not, selecting the corresponding protection measure according to actual needs; determining the priority position Ni of the selected protection measure; judging whether the pipe-to-soil potential of the buried metal pipeline under the protection measure in the primary test meets the first preset condition or not; and if not, judging whether the pipe-to-soil potential of the buried metal pipeline under the protection measure in the next test meets the first preset condition or not. The control method for the pipe-to-soil potential of the buried metal pipeline is used for protecting the buried metal pipeline.