The invention discloses an air suction type whole-tray and plug alignment seedling production seeding device which is mainly designed for plug seedling production seeding of fruits or vegetables of small individual growers. Each of a seed tray and plug trays has the same plug slots which are uniformly distributed, seeds are arranged in the plug slots, and a seed suction tray is provided with suction wholes of which the distribution and number are the same as those of the plug slots of the seed trays and the plug trays; the movement trajectory of the seed suction tray is controlled by movement of a parallel four-bar mechanism to implement alternate movement between the seed trays and the plug tray; an air exhaust seed dropping component consists of a fixed pulley, a steel wire rope, a spring and a piston, one end of the steel wire rope is connected with the piston, the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the parallel four-bar mechanism through a machine frame, and the steel wire rope is pulled by the parallel four-bar mechanism to control separation and blocking of the piston and a vent pipe to implement ingenious linkage of seed suction blocking and seed dropping separation. The device is simple in overall structure, low in cost, stable in running during work and easy to popularize, and the plug seedling seeding accuracy and efficiency of the small individual growers are improved.