The invention provides a self-service comparison service terminal for a single-phase energy meter and a comparison and re-check method. The self-service comparison service terminal includes a single-phase standard source, a human-machine interaction interface, a control unit and an energy meter wiring mechanism and a single-phase standard source. The energy meter wiring mechanism has at least two wiring ends, one of which is connected with a standard single-phase energy meter. The single-phase standard source and the human-machine interaction interface are connected separately with the control unit. The invention aims to solve the problems that existing energy meters are calibrated and re-checked by a power supply bureau, the calibration process and method and the like are not easily accepted by customers, and centralized calibration of the energy meters is extremely inconvenient for customers in remote areas. The invention belongs to the field of automatic calibration of the single-phase energy meter.