The invention relates to an aluminum-plastic film laminated lithium ion battery equipped with a positioning protective device. The aluminum-plastic film laminated lithium ion battery comprises: a laminated body, which includes laminated pole pieces and diaphragms, wherein at least one tab welding part stretches out of the width end part of each pole piece respectively; an aluminum-plastic film shell, which is encapsulated outside the laminated body; an electrolyte solution, which is sealed in the aluminum-plastic film shell; tabs, one ends of which are connected to the mutually stacked tab welding part on the laminated body, and the other ends of which stretch out of the aluminum-plastic film shell; the positioning protective device, which is encapsulated in the aluminum-plastic film shell and is located at the laminated body's head connecting the tabs, with the connecting end between the tabs and the tab welding part being located on the rigid positioning protective device. The technical scheme provided by the invention is conducive to protecting the battery, improving the battery shape consistency, and enhancing the liquid retainability of the battery.