The invention discloses a storage battery mounting structure which comprises a shell body, a cover body arranged on the shell body, and a polar group arranged in the shell body; the polar group comprises a plurality of vertical polar plates and separation plates arranged between the polar plates; pressure adjusting plates are arranged between two polar plates at the outermost sides of the polar group and the inner side walls of corresponding sides of the shell body respectively; the thickness of the pressure adjusting plates decreases gradually from the upper side close to an opening of the shell body to the lower side close to the bottom of the shell body, so that the vertical section of each pressure adjusting plate is conical; each pressure adjusting plate comprises an adjusting concave plate and an adjusting convex plate which are oppositely arranged; the side face, opposite to the adjusting convex plate, of the adjusting concave plate is provided with a spherical concave, the side face, opposite to the adjusting concave plate, of the adjusting convex plate is provided with a spherical convex matched with the spherical concave, and the spherical convex and the spherical concave are fitted with each other. The upper side pressure and the lower side pressure of the shell body on the polar group can be balanced, so that the charging acceptable ability of a storage battery is significantly improved, so as to prolong the cycle service life of the storage battery.