The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communications, and in particular relates to a method and device for configuring an uplink sub-frame and a downlink sub-frame. The problem that the interferences of the uplink time slot and the downlink time slot are strong when the distance between a terminal and a base station is far is solved. The method comprises the following steps: the base station judging whether the distance between the base station and the terminal is over a first preset threshold according to a leader sequence of the terminal; and judging the uplink-downlink conversion time of the terminal is in the total frame length range of the DwPTS and GP after determining that the distance is over the preset threshold; if the conversion time is in the range, configuring the uplink sub-frame and the downlink sub-frame for the terminal in other sub-frames except the DwPTS; otherwise, configuring the uplink sub-frame and the downlink sub-frame which are nonadjacent for the terminal. In the technical scheme provided by the invention, the base station can configure the uplink sub-frame and the downlink sub-frame for the terminal without dispatching the DwPTS or through the distribution of nonadjacent sub-frames for the terminal, the guard interval between the uplink and the downlink of the terminal is increased, thereby reducing the interference of the uplink and the downlink time slot.