The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive protection of building slopes, and relates to a comprehensive protecting method for high and steep rock slopes. The comprehensive protecting method for high and steep rock slopes comprises the following steps: step 1. cleaning the surface of a high and steep rock slope; step 2. shooting rivets and paving a diamond steel wire mesh; step 3. binding a lawn nursery strip; step 4. mounting an anchor rod; step 5. mounting an active protection fence; step 6. spraying and sowing plant, including the first layer of spraying of improved soil, preparation of a mixed substrate and the second layer of spraying of the mixed substrate; and step 7. covering and performing maintenance management. The method can solve the problems of collapse and chip off-falling of rock slopes, and is simple in technology and high in construction speed; can solve the problem of underlaying soil and soil fixation required for rock slope afforesting plants, and can improve the adhesive force and the rain wash prevention capability of the sprayed and sown soil on the slope; and can solve the technical problem of operation of spay sowing technology of the slope.