The invention discloses a system for recycling high-temperature afterheat of boiler bottom slag of a circulating fluid bed and heating hot wind, belonging to the field of circulating fluid bed boilers. The system comprises a circulating fluid bed boiler, an air preheater at the tail flue gas duct of the circulating fluid bed, a primary and/or secondary air pipeline from the air preheater to the boiler furnace, a fused salt buffer tank, a fused salt pump, at least one fused salt roller slag cooler and an air-fused salt heat exchanger, wherein the air-fused salt heat exchanger is arranged on the primary and/or secondary air pipeline to carry out heat exchange heating on primary and/or secondary air, the at least one fused salt roller slag cooler is used for carrying out heat exchange cooling on bottom slag discharged from the furnace of the circulating fluid bed boiler by using fused salt as coolant, and the fused salt outlet of each fused salt roller slag cooler is communicated with the fused salt inlet of the air-fused salt heat exchanger. The system can increase the temperature of wind entering the furnace by dozens of degrees centigrade on the basis so as to play the effects of saving coal consumption and remarkably improving boiler efficiency; and through the mode, the high-temperature afterheat of CFB boiler bottom slag is effectively reutilized.