The invention provides a microgrid-based distributed photovoltaic power generation boost (Boost) control method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, detecting a voltage of a microgrid connection point and calculating a difference value between an actual voltage and a preset voltage; judging whether an output power of a microgrid needs to be increased or reduced through the size of a quantity difference; if the output power of the microgrid needs to be increased, firstly detecting whether an energy storage unit can discharge or not, if so, controlling the energy storage unit to discharge through an energy storage unit controller, and if not, judging whether a current photovoltaic cell panel runs at the maximum power point or not; and if so, not needing to adjust, and if not, carrying out control according to a conventional MPPT method to increase the power output. The microgrid-based distributed photovoltaic power generation boost (Boost) control method has the effects that after the control method is adopted by a photovoltaic power generation system, the change of a power load can be quickly and effectively tracked; and the proper power is output in an automatic adapting manner by combining charging and discharging of the energy storage unit, so that the capacity of the energy storage unit can be greatly reduced; and the engineering investment is reduced.