The invention relates to a power distribution network reconstruction method based on an isolation ecological niche genetic algorithm. The power distribution network reconstruction method is characterized in: researching to use a target normalization method to obtain the efficient solution; taking minimum network loss as the main target; taking load balancing as the constrained condition to process and establish a compromise model; and bringing forward a chromosome integer coding mode to ensure one-to-one correspondence between the chromosome and the feasible solution. The power distribution network reconstruction method based on an isolation ecological niche genetic algorithm can effectively solve the premature convergence problem of the genetic algorithm and can quickly converge to the optimal solution by introducing the isolation ecological niche genetic algorithm, and at the same time, aiming at that binary coding cannot effectively reflect the structural features of the power distribution network reconstruction problem, the power distribution network reconstruction method provides the chromosome integer coding mode, thus greatly reducing the chromosome length and improving the operation speed; and by means of introduction of the isolation ecological niche technique, the power distribution network reconstruction method effectively solves the premature convergence problem of a traditional genetic algorithm on solving the power distribution network reconstruction problem.