The invention relates to a method for calculating and analyzing the impact on a power grid from a short-circuit test based on PSD-BPA, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, determining the short-circuit testing capability of a short-circuit test station; 2, calculating the equivalent short-circuit impedance value of a high-voltage side node of a transformer of the short-circuit test station through employing a PSD-BPA FLT fault card model; 3, modifying the impedance parameter data of a dedicated line of the short-circuit test station; 4, writing a three-phase short-circuit FLT fault card of a dedicated line test station side node of the short-circuit test station, and carrying out the transient stable calculation; 5, checking the voltage transient drop depths of a system public connection point and related buses in a PSD stable file swi calculation result file, and obtaining an analysis conclusion according to a calculation result. The method can solve a calculation and analysis problem of the impact on the power grid from the short-circuit test, and achieves the accurate simulation of the short-circuit test and the impact on the power grid.