The invention relates to a thermal power generation unit real-time dispatching requirement determination method considering maximum new energy utilization, and belongs to the technical field of operation and control of a new energy access power system. The method comprises the steps of starting data acquisition for one time at the current moment; calculating the real-time power generation requirement of the current power grid; calculating the output regulation requirement of the current automatic control unit obtained under different conditions in real time; calculating the regulation requirement of the current call wire power obtained under different conditions in real time; and finally obtaining the real-time dispatching requirement of the thermal power generation unit of the power system considering the maximum new energy utilization, and carrying out corresponding real-time dispatching on the thermal power generation unit of the power system under different conditions in real time. According to the method, the maximum new energy power generation utilization is taken as the target, so that the power system can arrange the thermal power generation unit output in advance according to the new energy power generation operating state and the power grid operating state in real time so as to fully develop the power grid regulation capacity and ensure that the power grid has enough regulation space to utilize the new energy.