The invention relates to a water surface cleaning ship with a turnover type rear cabin. The water surface cleaning ship comprises a ship body, a collecting device, a storage device and a discharging device. The storage device is located in the middle of the ship body. The collecting device and the discharging device are located at the head and the tail of the ship body correspondingly. The water surface cleaning ship further comprises connecting pieces and first hydraulic oil cylinders, wherein the connecting pieces are located on the two sides of the tail of the storage device, one ends of the connecting pieces are rotationally connected with the storage device through pivots, and the other ends of the connecting pieces are fixedly connected with the discharging device; and the first hydraulic oil cylinders are located on the two sides of the storage device, one ends of the first hydraulic oil cylinders are rotationally connected with the connecting pieces, and the other ends of the first hydraulic oil cylinders are rotationally connected with the corresponding sides of the storage device. When the first hydraulic oil cylinders extend, the discharging device is unfolded towards the outside of the ship body around the pivots; and when the first hydraulic oil cylinders contract, the discharging device is folded towards the inside of the ship body around the pivots and buckled on the storage device. According to the water surface cleaning ship with the turnover type rear cabin, the overall length of the ship can be shortened, and thus the ship can more conveniently turn around, swerve or conduct collecting operation in creek roads; and meanwhile, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.