The invention provides a heat transfer printing protective layer composition, a heat transfer printing membrane and a manufacturing method of the membrane. The heat transfer printing protective layer composition is prepared from, by weight, 40-70 parts of urethane acrylate, 5-10 parts of silicon modified resin, 25-35 parts of active diluent and 2-8 parts of photoinitiator. By means of urethane acrylate and silicon modified resin, an obtained protective layer has the release characteristic. By adding the photoinitiator and the active diluent, the curing process can be finished only through ultraviolet curing, the curing process is simplified, curing time is shortened, volatilization of organic solvents does not exist, and the composition is environmentally friendly. Meanwhile, the protective layer obtained from the composition has the self-repair function so that the protective layer can be self-repaired after being scratched and has abrasion resistance and scratching resistance. Furthermore, the obtained protective layer is proper in hardness and high in extension rate and has soft tactility, and product grade is improved. Besides, cracks do not appear in the transfer printing process, and the composition is suitable for solid printing in different shapes.