The invention discloses a cement grade gravel frozen-heave performance detection method for a high-speed railway bed. An optical fiber grating is used as a main study method for testing the frozen-heave performance of the cement grade gravel under the negative temperature condition; a blank optical fiber grating control group experiment is set for solving the problem of temperature compensation of the optical fiber grating material per se on deformation at the temperature change. The optical fiber grating measures the frozen-heave performance of the cement grade gravel; the temperature, the stress, the strain or other physical quantity change of environment of the optical fiber grating can be better detected; through different tests, the deformation behavior of the cement stage gravel under the negative temperature condition can be analyzed and studied; the frozen-heave performance of the cement grade gravel at the low-temperature environment can be better obtained. Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the efficient practical and accurate cement grade gravel frozen-heave performance detection method for the high-speed railway bed; the measurement precision is high (capable of reaching 1mu Epsilon); the practicability is high; the error range is small, and the like.