The invention provides a sludge treatment agent. The sludge treatment agent comprises a water-soluble metalloporphyrin solution and an oxygen donor, the volume ratio of the water-soluble metalloporphyrin solution to the oxygen donor is 0.5-2.0:1.0, and the concentration of water-soluble metalloporphyrin in the water-soluble metalloporphyrin solution is 0.2-0.8 g/L. By combination of the water-soluble metalloporphyrin (particularly water-soluble ferriporphyrin and/or water-soluble manganoporphyrin) and the oxygen donor (preferably hydrogen peroxide or combination of hydrogen peroxide and air), catalytic oxidation reaction in a sludge treatment process is promoted, organic matters which are difficult to dissolve in sludge are fully catalytically oxidized, so that the organic matters are oxidatively degraded into soluble substances, the conversion efficiency of the sludge in a follow-up biological treatment process is improved, and the outstanding technical effect is achieved. The invention further provides a sludge treatment method, the whole processing steps are simple, operation cost is low, the conversion efficiency of the organic matters in the sludge is high, and follow-up biological treatment of the sludge is facilitated.