An overload and idling prevention assembly for an electric oil well pump comprises a machine body (1) which is provided with an operation sensing module (2), a load sensing module (3), an information sensing module (4) and a management module (5). During operation, the operation sensing module (2) senses the operation state of a pump body, the load sensing module (3) senses the load condition of the pump body, and the information sensing module (4) transmits sensed information to the management module (5) for processing; a rotating speed sensing module (6) is arranged on the operation sensing module (2) and used for sensing the rotating speed change condition when the pump body operates; a setting module (7) is arranged on the load sensing module (3) and used for setting a proper numerical value range of the pump body load; and a prompt module (8) is arranged on the management module (5) and used for giving out a prompt when the rotating speed or the load of the pump body is abnormal. By controlling the load of the pump body, the situation that the operation effect is affected by idling or overload is avoided.