The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating alzheimer disease. The composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30-70 parts of coptis chinensis, 5-40 parts of fructus evodiae, 60-100 parts of uncaria rhynchophylla, 10-50 parts of American ginseng, 30-70 parts of rhodiola rosea, 20-60 parts of flowers of phytolacca acinosa, 0.5-5 parts of calculus bovis and 0.05-3 parts of borneol. The invention further provides a traditional Chinese medicine preparation prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine composition and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition can be used for remarkably improving the learning and memory capability and cognition impairment of a spontaneous AD model mouse and other multiple AD pathological models, has an exact curative effect in treatment of AD due to pathogenic fire derived from stagnation of liver, and has a great application prospect.