The invention belongs to the technical field of sand mould 3D (Three-Dimensional) equipment, and particularly relates to a vacuum material feeding and material distributing device of a laser 3D printing machine for sand mould manufacturing. The vacuum material feeding and material distributing device comprises a material feeding mechanism and a material distributing mechanism, wherein the material feeding mechanism consists of a sand material box, a vacuum material feeding pipe, a vacuum pump and a sand material receiving hopper; the material distributing mechanism consists of a following material distributing device, an XY translation mechanism, a following material laying assembly, a horizontal carrying beam and a machine frame; the XY translation mechanism comprises a Y-axis fixing rail, an X-axis rail, a transverse slide block and a slide block support frame; the following material distributing device is fixedly connected with the slide block support frame; the following material laying assembly is fixed on the X-axis rail; the following material distributing device is connected with the slide block support frame; the following material laying assembly is fixed on the X-axis rail; and the sand material box consists of a box body support frame, a water bath sand box and a sealing cover. The vacuum material feeding and material distributing device has the characteristics that the sand material temperature is constant; the material feeding and material distributing temperature loss is little; and a material distributing layer is uniform, and the like. The sand material bonding quality and the solidification ratio are improved.