The invention relates to the field of heating and ventilation, and specifically discloses a solar radiation heat heating and ventilation system utilizing an external envelope structure of an industrial factory building. The system comprises the envelope structure and a ground, wherein the envelope structure is an interior space of the factory building, which is formed by a horizontally-arranged combination of a gable roof and a vertical envelope structure, and the ground through the envelope structure; and the side surface of the interior space of the factory building communicates with a convection radiation space, the top of the interior space of the factory building communicates with an upper convection radiation space, the convection radiation space is separated from the interior space of the factory building through the vertical envelope structure, and the upper convection radiation space is separated from the interior space of the factory building through the gable roof. The invention solves the problems of low utilization efficiency or complex structure, unsmooth ventilation and the like existing in independent passive solar house heating or active solar house heating, and the solar heating and ventilation system adopts a manner of utilizing a solar radiation energy heat-absorption steel plate and forming the convection radiation space through the heat of the steel plate.