The invention discloses a drawn wire pre-tightening device and a robot. The drawn wire pre-tightening device comprises a first reel, a second reel and an end cover, wherein the first reel is used for winding a first drawn wire; the second reel is used for winding a second drawn wire; the first reel is connected with the second reel; the first reel can rotate relative to the second reel; the end cover is fixedly connected with the second reel so as to limit relative movement of the first reel and the second reel; the drawn wire pre-tightening device is used for adjusting the cooperation angle between the first reel and the second by enabling the first reel to rotate relative to the second reel, and thus the pre-tightening force of the first drawn wire and the second drawn wire can be adjusted. According to the drawn wire pre-tightening device of the mode, the pre-tightening force of two drawn wires is adjusted by enabling two reels to rotate relative to each other, so that the pre-tightening force of the two drawn wires in operation can be ensured, and moreover, the drawn wire pre-tightening device occupies a relatively small space. The robot comprises the drawn wire pre-tightening device.