The invention relates to an anchor rod-slurry-surrounding rock bonding strength testing method. The method includes the following steps that 1, an anchor rod simulation body provided with a first surface is made, the concave-convex characteristic of the first surface is consistent with the appearance of the side wall surface of the anchor rod body, and the first surface is a plane; 2, a slurry layer for simulating a grouting material is poured on the first surface of the anchor rod simulation body; 3, a surrounding rock layer for simulating a surrounding rock material is poured on the solidified slurry layer, and the anchor rod simulation body, the slurry layer and the surrounding rock layer jointly form a simulation anchoring body; 4, a shearing test is conducted in the simulation stressed direction of the simulation anchoring body, and thus mechanical parameters reflecting the bonding strength of the anchoring body are obtained. Uniform distribution of shearing stress of a bonding face is achieved by unfolding an anchoring structure, the technical problem of uneven shear stress transfer in a traditional anchor rod drawing test is solved, the mechanical parameters of the anchoring body under different conditions can be obtained accurately, and a scientific basis is provided for reasonable supporting design of underground engineering.